How to Backup Your Hard Disk Data

Implement your own Backup System:"%drive%My Documents"
Backing up computer data has become an imperativeEcho 2. Backing up Favorites...
job for Windows users. This occurs because data%BackUpCmd% "%USERPROFILE%Favorites"
safety is very critical and every user must be aware"%drive%Favorites"
that unpredictable events can happen and that couldEcho 3. Backing up email and address book (Outlook
destroy important data on their PC's or Mac's.Express)...
Learning how to perform backups is a really 'an%BackUpCmd% "%USERPROFILE%Application
absolute must'. Any user, no matter how confidentDataMicrosoftAddress Book" "%drive%Address
he or she is about their computer, need undertakeBook"
actions to prevent losing data (images, music,%BackUpCmd% "%USERPROFILE%Local
documents, work, email, etc). Hard disks crash,SettingsApplication DataIdentities" "%drive%Outlook
power blackouts occur, accidental deleting of filesExpress"
DOES occur. Viruses or other unplanned events canEcho 4. Backing up email and contacts (MS Outlook)...
destroy your work in a split second, but, don't blame%BackUpCmd% "%USERPROFILE%Local
these events; blame yourself for not learningSettingsApplication DataMicrosoftOutlook"
backing-up! Now read on - to learn how."%drive%Outlook"
A basic Introduction: Performing a Basic Backup - forEcho 5. Backing up email and contacts (Incredimail)...
those just getting started!%BackUpCmd% "%USERPROFILE%Local
What and How to Backup?SettingsApplication DataIMIdentities"
If you were a System Administrator responsible for"%drive%Incredimail"
maintaining critical Network Servers, the answerEcho 6. Backing up email and contacts (Mozilla)...
would be EVERYTHING! However, this would make%BackUpCmd% "%USERPROFILE%Application
for some extra hard work and a deep understandingDataMozillaProfiles" "%drive%Mozilla"
of how computers work. What I outline here is aEcho 7. Backing up the Windows Registry...
simple basic backup method. Attempting to backupIf not exist ";%drive%Registry" mkdir
everything is a very hard challenge for modern"%drive%Registry"
Windows. Why? Since Windows 2000 release,If exist "%drive%Registryregbackup.reg" del
Windows (2000, XP, and Vista) has become a true"%drive%Registryregbackup.reg"
multi-tasking operating system. This means there areRegedit /e "%drive%Registryregbackup.reg"
some System Files that CANNOT be 'easily'Echo Backup Complete! ... Hit any key ...
backed-up - or restored. It is like trying to lift@Pause
yourself out of bed - by your own feet!The above Batch Script performs the following:
Complete software backups are possible with multiple- Backs up My Documents (all your documents,
operating systems and more than one hard drive!pictures, music, etc)
To dual boot means that you have more than one- Backs up Favourites (the website addresses you
operating system installed on the hard drive and thathave saved)
you can decide between the two when you start- Backs up Outlook Express email and address book
your computer.for the current user
Instead of backing up everything, I will advise you on- Backs up Outlook email and contacts for the
my own simple back-up method. This involves onlycurrent user (if found.)
those things that are irreplaceable, and that means- Backs up Incredimail email and address book for the
critical data and personal files. All other thingscurrent user (if found.)
(Operating System and Programs) can be replaced- Backs up Mozilla email and address book for the
by a clean install. Let us look at each softwarecurrent user (if found)
component in order:- Backs up the Windows Registry data for the
- Operating System - If your hard drive fails, youcurrent user
may need to buy a new unit and start with a cleanThis script copies the files to the directory defined in
install. Step one is installing the Operating System.the %drive% variable (E:Backup in the above script).
You will need two things to do this, the installationAfter the first run, the script will incrementally add
media (CD-ROM), and its associated Product Key.(over-write) any files that are found to be new - or
- Program Software (Office, etc) - This will comehave been changed. This backup script will copy
with its own CD-ROM, and it's associated registrationsystem and hidden files found.
codes. Make sure you know where they are when itUnderstanding the Backup script:
comes time to reinstall.- Lines that begin with "::" are simply script comments
- Downloadable software (Skype, Firefox, etc) - Go- The "set drive=" is used to indicate your backup
to the respective Website, and print out the detailsDrive and any file path
for the products download page. If you need to- The "set BackUpCmd=" is used for the Xcopy
reinstall, this will tell you where to go for thecommand switches
download.- Lines beginning with "echo " are used to output
- Shareware - Print out the registration code, alongtext progress messages
with the Web home page (if applicable) and store it.Notes:
Now, if you do some analysis of your own hard- You can cancel this running script by a CTRL%2BC
drive, you will find that at least 70%, and probablyor CTRL%2BBreak
more, of what is on your hard drive falls in one of- The Registry backup in the above example saves
the above categories. With just a little preparation,the current 'User Profile' registry profile state. Saving
you can reinstall all of this above software - if youthe entire Windows System Hive Registry is not part
really need to do so.of this simplistic and 'essential files' backup approach.
- Documents: This folder is the main area for yourEasily Backup And Search Your Email
personal data. Normally, all your saved work, pictures,A great program that allows you to easily backup
and music are placed in a folder in this directory. Thismany popular Windows email programs, is MailStore
makes it a very easy to do a backup on this section.Home. This is a free software tool will allow you to
- Address book: Whatever e-mail client you use, youbackup and archive email from the following email
have an address book containing a list of thosebased programs:
people you have contacted.- Microsoft Outlook
- Bookmarks and Favorites: You will have saved the- Microsoft Outlook Express
addresses of some great Web sites. Netscape saves- Microsoft Windows Mail
them as a single file, Internet Explorer uses a single- Microsoft Exchange Server Mailboxes
directory containing individual links to each site.- Mozilla Thunderbird
- E-mail files: All those special messages you sent and- Mozilla SeaMonkey
received can be backed up.- Webmailer
- Other: You may have MYOB or QuickBooks that- POP3 and IMAP
has critical data that cannot be replaced easily.- File Import
Create your own Backup with a Batch File: Step oneMailStore Home allows you to backup your email's
is purchase an external USB hard drive kit. Oncemessages from many common applications into one
installed correctly, a new drive will be shown in "Myaccessible archive store. MailStore will import your
Computer". Make a note of the drive letter that isexisting email from Outlook, Windows Mail, Outlook
allocated to it -eg; E: or F: or G:, etc...Express, Thunderbird, Exchange. Once MailStore has
The key to your own automated backup is the usearchived your email, you can use this software to
of a batch file. This is a text file (or script file) thateasily search through all your messages by keyword.
contains commands that are executed whenever theOptionally, you can quickly create a backup CD or
file is run. Creating a batch file is quite easy. InDVD within this program. CD and DVD burning is fully
Windows, you can create one using Notepad. Theintegrated within MailStore Home. Archived email
thing to remember is that it must be a pure ASCIImessages are stored in a easy MIME-compatible
text file. Using a Word Processor, even WordPad, willformat, and can be easily recovered at any time.
not produce a pure text. I recommend usingA better tool than using xcopy = RoboCopy:
Notepad.Robocopy, or "Robust File Copy", is a command-line
It is often easier to copy your existing workfolder replication tool. It has been freely available as
directories to separate hard disk (or a networkpart of the Windows Resource Kit (outside this site),
resource) rather than using other complicated backupand has now been introduced as a standard
software. Several directories can be backed up easilycomponent of Windows Vista.
by simply creating a simple a batch file (termed .CMDRobocopy is noted for its capabilities above and
file in Windows 2000, XP and Vista). This 'backup' filebeyond the built-in Windows COPY and XCOPY
can be saved and you may either:(outside this site) commands, including the following:
- Run it manually from your Windows Desktop - or- Ability to tolerate outages and resume copying
- Add a 'short-cut' to this file into the Windowswhere it previously left off
[Startup] folder- Ability to correctly copy attributes, owner
- It can be added to the Windows [Scheduled Tasks]information, alternate data streams, auditing
folderinformation, and timestamp's by default
Windows Batch files have many other uses - just like- Ability to correctly copy NTFS ACL's, (when
this working example. Copy the text box below, andCOPYALL provided)
paste it into Notepad. Save the file with a name like- Persistence by default, with a programmable
'MyBackup.cmd, and be sure to add the cmdnumber of automatic retries if a file cannot be
extension, and not the default txt.opened
This can be used as a working template of your own- A "mirror" mode, which keeps folder contents in
automatic backup script! Modify it to suit your ownsync by optionally deleting files out of the destination
needs:that are no longer present in the source
Notes: substitute the 'set drive=E:Backup' for the- Ability to copy a very large numbers of files that
drive letter of your 2nd hard drive (or other networkwould otherwise exceed the resources of the built-in
path).utility
Copy and Paste this 'Backup Script' to Notepad: (then- A progress indicator on the command line that
save as MyBackup.cmd)updates continuously
@Echo offRobocopy will not copy open files that are found to
:: variablesbe 'in use' by other users or applications. The
Set drive=E:BackupWindows Volume Shadow Copy service is the only
Set BackUpCmd=xcopy /s /e /h /c /d /i /r /k /yWindows sub-system that can open files while they
Echo 1. Backing up My Documents...are in use. Robocopy does not implement accessing
%BackUpCmd% "%USERPROFILE%My Documents"the Volume Shadow Copy service.